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تعريفها I تقانة حيوية Benefits and Risks

Biotechnology

biotechnology ( Name : Biotechnologies) is the application of information on ABM Living to the use of these systems or components for industrial purposes. That is, they technology based on Biology, especially when used in agriculture , food science, and Medicine .

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Biotechnology Biotechnology is the translation of the term of any use of modern technological applications in the treatment of objects Organisms.

defined in the recapitulation is: dealing with living organisms (micro-organisms - plants - animals) on the cellular level and under the cell in order to achieve maximum benefit from industrial And agriculture and thus economically and by improving their properties and genetic characteristics.

This talk is for every living man returned because the situation varies relatively For humans because they are beneficiaries and not learned of them.

section focuses on the study of genomic side of the object and the methods and techniques of gene transfer from one object to another to adjust the recipe Or improve the defect.

date

term use of biotechnology for the first time by the Hungarian agricultural economic Carl Erkki 1919 to mean by "all Lines of action leading to the products, from raw materials with the assistance of living " [1] .

recently expanded the definition to include the production of materials with the assistance of living coenzymes biomass, then the definition was narrowed to focus on new technologies rather than traditional production processes. Recently, some biotechnology dispense organisms As in the DNA array technology small DNA microarray technology or radioactive elements .

applications

biotechnology has many applications:

• البشر

العلاج الجينى بالانجليزية : Gene therapy أى معالجة الأمراض الوراثية في البشر باستخدام التكنولوجية الحيوية في نقل و تعديل الجينات .

إمكانية Planting of new members by using the genetic content of a cell of the patient rather than to convey to him a member of the donor or from a dead person.

production of special drugs to individual genetic content ( Name : pharmacogenomics) or what is known as the knowledge of pharmacy genetic .

dealing in issues of paternity and in forensic units and the DNA tests before marriage to know the probability of disease In future generations.

in the criminal aspect in terms of detection of crimes through DNA.

• microorganisms

using micro-organisms (especially Bacteria and viruses) on a large scale in the vital technology projects, for example:

- the production of human insulin (humo insulin)

- the use of bacteria in the production of fertilizer Dynamic (bio fertilizers) instead of using chemical fertilizers.

- in water purification.

- get rid of organic waste.

- manufacture of chemical compounds used in drugs.

- the use of micro-organism as a vector of certain genes that carry the desired traits.

• plants

at the open area of \u200b\u200bagricultural biotechnology Horizons and very wide in the production plant.

- the possibility of transferring some of the qualities desired genes (such as temperature tolerance and a lack of water from desert plants) to other plants.

- control the sizes and forms of fruits and plants in general (increasing the size and change color and shape as desired).

- the possibility of raising the nutritional value of a crop after adding attributes Genetic other crops.

- double the amount of the resulting crops and reducing time required for growth and thus helping to eliminate famine and high food prices.

- production of biofuel .

branches

there is another classification of the areas of biotechnology.

• Biotechnology red ( English : Red Biotechnology)

and technology is vital in the medical field, examples of the production of antibiotics of organisms and the use of genetic engineering to treat disease and in Mnabulp genes, as well as the possibility of producing special medicines genetic content of an individual (I chose to be a search in this particular field, and he needs us to an article of its own) .. Biotechnology terms Red must be taken into account: Genomic manipulation Gene therapy Pharmacogenomics

• Biotechnology green ( English : Green Biotechnology)

a biotechnology in the agricultural field, examples of production Genetically modified plants are also told us of many benefits by using tissue culture or other, non-chemical pesticides, fertilizers, bio .. Terms Green biotechnology should be taken into account: Micro propagation Transgenic crops

• Biotechnology white ( English : White Biotechnology)

of the most popular areas and has introduced many of the amendments The old industries (such as paper and plastic) which is also known in the field of industrial technology, examples of the use of living organisms to produce materials required for use Kamiaiip Vital trade instead of industrial production and also include pharmaceutical manufacturing and the production of vitamins, there is also a special treatment of the tissue and leather, the production of disposable plastic Biodegradable organic ..

white biotechnology terms must be taken into account: Biopolymers Chiral compound synthesis

Biotechnology blue ( English : Blue Biotechnology) this area is the technology Vital that deal with the world of the sea and marine organisms, and nothing in this section Newborn leading applications even remember now ..

source: wikipedia